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Oslo, October 3, 2024 – The Director of the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Henrik Urdal, announced his updated list today for the 2024 Nobel Peace Prize, with election observers topping the list.

The 2024 list comprises of:

1. OSCE’s Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights
2. Sudan’s Emergency Response Rooms
3. UNRWA and Philippe Lazzarini
4. International Court of Justice
5. UNESCO and the Council of Europe

“Democracy is on the ballot this year as more than half the world’s population live in a country heading to the polls, albeit not exclusively in democracies,” said Henrik Urdal. “Research shows that democratic states are more peaceful and stable. As elections are a cornerstone of democracy, election observers play a pivotal role in shaping perceptions about the legitimacy of electoral processes. A Nobel Peace Prize awarded to election observers sends a strong message about the importance of free and fair elections, and their role in peace and stability.”

For further information or to arrange an interview, please contact Arnaud Siad, Communication Adviser, communication@prio.org.

Each year, PRIO’s Director presents his own list for the Nobel Peace Prize. He offers his opinion on the most worthy potential laureates, based on his independent assessment. The PRIO Director’s view on potential and worthy Nobel Peace Prize laureates is widely recognized and has been offered since 2002. Henrik Urdal presents his seventh list here since taking up the position of director in 2017. Urdal has no association with the Nobel Institute or the Norwegian Nobel Committee.

The Nobel Peace Prize for 2024 will be announced at 11:00 CET, on Friday 11 October.

More information on each of the listed candidates:
The OSCE’s Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights
2024 is set to be a historical election year. Record numbers of people across the world are heading to the ballot box. Against this backdrop, democracy is under pressure in Europe and globally, due to the rise of illiberal movements and authoritarian regimes. More of the world’s people are living in autocracies today than only a decade ago, and the number of countries democratizing is falling, according to democracy research from V-Dem. Upholding the pillars of democracy is more important than ever before.

The Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) within the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) observes elections throughout its 57 participating states. It also provides technical assistance to improve the legislative and administrative framework for elections in specific countries. ODIHR’s work to ensure that elections are free and fair would make it a timely recipient of this year’s Nobel Peace Prize.

Other notable candidates worthy of the prize based on their contribution to strengthening democracy through elections include The Carter Centre who has observed 115 elections in over 40 countries, and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) who fights voter suppression in the United States.

Sudan’s Emergency Response Rooms
The armed conflict that erupted in Sudan in April 2023 has plunged the country into one of the world’s most severe humanitarian crises. Over 10 million people are displaced within the country, and another 2 million have fled to neighbouring states. The international system has struggled to meet overwhelming humanitarian needs, prompting community-led, volunteer aid networks in Sudan to step in and provide lifesaving services to millions of women, men and children. One notable initiative is the Emergency Response Rooms, which offer medical care and other services to those affected by the conflict.   

Operating in a decentralized manner, these groups deliver essential humanitarian assistance in a highly complex conflict environment, with limited access to communities, resources and infrastructure. Volunteers often operate in insecure areas, facing threats of harassment and violence. 

As 2024 marks the 75^th anniversary of the revised Geneva Conventions, which were developed to protect civilians during war, awarding this year’s Peace Prize to a deserving humanitarian initiative such as the Emergency Response Rooms would highlight the critical importance of access to lifesaving aid in times of conflict.  

UNRWA and Philippe Lazzarini
The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) was established in 1949 to provide aid, education and protection for Palestine refugees until a political solution was found. Today, its staff of over 30,000 people serve nearly 6 million Palestinians in the West Bank, Gaza and neighbouring countries. Nearly the entire Gazan population depends on UNRWA for basic assistance, including food and water.

The UN agency has faced a massive funding crisis for years, which has been exasperated by the war itself, and increasingly by the impact of US withdrawing funding following allegations by Israel that 12 participants of the 7 October attacks were Hamas militants, employed by UNRWA. The UN agency took the allegations seriously, by launching both an internal investigation and an external review of its procedures. UNRWA has extensive control mechanisms in place, with a zero tolerance, but not zero risk policy. They therefore terminated the employment of individuals where there was any indication that they might have had ties to militant groups. Throughout the war UNRWA itself has been heavily targeted by Israeli attacks, and by the end of September, 224 of its staff had been killed in Gaza, and 190 UNRWA installations had been damaged.

UNRWA’s operation is absolutely fundamental to avoid a humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza. A Nobel Peace Prize to the agency and its Commissioner-General Philippe Lazzarini would send a strong message about its role in supporting the lives of millions of Palestinian women, men and children.

International Court of Justice
Mechanisms for peaceful resolution of conflicts between states are particularly important to maintain and support peace in an increasingly polarized world. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) promotes peace through international law, akin to promoting peace congresses, another achievement highlighted in Alfred Nobel’s will. The ICJ would be a worthy recipient of the 2024 Peace Prize should the Nobel Committee wish to recognize the importance of multilateral collaboration for peaceful relations.

The ICJ was established in 1945 by the Charter of the United Nations to settle legal disputes between states and advise on legal questions within the UN. With all 193 UN Member States party to the ICJ Statute, the Court has become a globally accepted multilateral mechanism for dispute resolution. While a Nobel Peace Prize to the ICJ would largely be seen as uncontroversial, the Court acted boldly in January this year ordering Israel to take action to prevent acts of genocide in the Gaza Strip. In addition, it acted early in March 2022 by ordering Russia to ‘immediately suspend the military operations’ in Ukraine.

Other deserving candidates for a prize focused on peace through international law are the International Criminal Court, or regional bodies such as the European Court for Human Rights or the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.

UNESCO and the Council of Europe
Educational institutions are integral to the development of tolerant, inclusive and democratic societies. One particularly important area is the way that history is being taught. Emphasizing multiple and diverse perspectives in history teaching is crucial for developing an understanding and acceptance of other groups and societies than our own, and contributing to counter false and chauvinist narratives.

The UN’s Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) has been a pioneer in developing and promoting ‘multiperspectivity’ in history teaching. UNESCO emphasizes the importance of understanding history in a global context as well as developing regional, complimentary perspectives. By providing guidance and support to history textbook authors, and working to establish universal norms for history teaching, UNESCO promotes education as a tool for peaceful development.

Similarly, the Council of Europe works to support history teaching as a way to support critical thinking and strengthen democratic participation and practice. Emphasizing the importance of building historical knowledge through well-established scientific norms, the Council of Europe supports a number of scientific initiatives as well as political processes. A Nobel Peace Prize for the promotion of peace through history education would resonate well with Alfred Nobel’s call for ‘fraternity between nations’.

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New York, September 28, 2024 – China called for strengthening the role of the United Nations by next year as the world, as well as the international organization itself, will celebrate the 80^th anniversary of the of the end of World War II.

The UN was founded when its Charter, or Constitution, entered into force on October 24, 1945. Diplomats gathered at the San Francisco Conference in the spring of 1945 as the war as ending and created the UN for the purpose of saving “succeeding generations from the scourge of war.”

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said in his address to the 79^th UN General Assembly session at UN headquarters that the UN should “respond to the legitimate calls” of developing countries and increase the representation and voice of those in the Global South.

“China stands ready to work with all countries to renew the founding purposes and mission of the UN, reaffirm our steadfast commitment to the UN Charter, advocate and practice true multilateralism, build a community with a shared future for mankind, and jointly usher in a better world,” Wang said.

Pointing to the current geopolitical crises and climate change severely affecting the world, Wang said demands by developing countries have become stronger.

“The aspirations of the Global South nations for modernization have never been stronger,” said, referring to countries in Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia and the Pacific.

He called for “a new type of international relations characterized by mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation. In today’s world, the security of all countries is intertwined and no one can enjoy security alone.”

“Achieving modernization is the legitimate right of the people of all countries, not a prerogative of a few,” he said.

Wang said China has joined Brazil and some other countries in the Global South to launch a Group of Friends for Peace to deal with the current world situation. “It’s very purpose is to uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, build consensus for a political settlement of the crisis and contribute to a prospect of peace,” he said, calling the question of Palestine is the “biggest wound to the human conscience” and the war in Gaza is causing more casualties with each passing day.

“But might cannot replace justice. Palestine’s long held aspiration to establish an independent state should not be shunned anymore, and the historical injustice suffered by the Palestinian people should not be ignored anymore.”

Turning to the situation in Asia, the foreign minister said the Korean Peninsula should prevent another war. “Asia has the wisdom and capability to stabilize the situation,” he said, noting that China has never opted to be an indifferent spectator. (By J. Tuyet Nguyen)

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New York, September 28, 2024 – China called for strengthening the role of the United Nations by next year as the world, as well as the international organization itself, will celebrate the 80^th anniversary of the of the end of World War II.

The UN was founded when its Charter, or Constitution, entered into force on October 24, 1945. Diplomats gathered at the San Francisco Conference in the spring of 1945 as the war as ending and created the UN for the purpose of saving “succeeding generations from the scourge of war.”

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said in his address to the 79^th UN General Assembly session at UN headquarters that the UN should “respond to the legitimate calls” of developing countries and increase the representation and voice of those in the Global South.

“China stands ready to work with all countries to renew the founding purposes and mission of the UN, reaffirm our steadfast commitment to the UN Charter, advocate and practice true multilateralism, build a community with a shared future for mankind, and jointly usher in a better world,” Wang said.

Pointing to the current geopolitical crises and climate change severely affecting the world, Wang said demands by developing countries have become stronger.

“The aspirations of the Global South nations for modernization have never been stronger,” said, referring to countries in Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia and the Pacific.

He called for “a new type of international relations characterized by mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation. In today’s world, the security of all countries is intertwined and no one can enjoy security alone.”

“Achieving modernization is the legitimate right of the people of all countries, not a prerogative of a few,” he said.

Wang said China has joined Brazil and some other countries in the Global South to launch a Group of Friends for Peace to deal with the current world situation. “It’s very purpose is to uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, build consensus for a political settlement of the crisis and contribute to a prospect of peace,” he said, calling the question of Palestine is the “biggest wound to the human conscience” and the war in Gaza is causing more casualties with each passing day.

“But might cannot replace justice. Palestine’s long held aspiration to establish an independent state should not be shunned anymore, and the historical injustice suffered by the Palestinian people should not be ignored anymore.”

Turning to the situation in Asia, the foreign minister said the Korean Peninsula should prevent another war. “Asia has the wisdom and capability to stabilize the situation,” he said, noting that China has never opted to be an indifferent spectator. (By J. Tuyet Nguyen)

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New York, September 27, 2024 – Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said in an address to the UN General Assembly that his country has the right to wage war against its enemies. Dozens of diplomats walked out of the assembly hall just before he spoke.

“I didn’t intend to come here this year,” Netanyahu told the assembly with rows of empty seats. “My country is at war fighting for its life. But after I heard the lies and slanders leveled at my country by many of the speakers at this podium, I decided to come here and set the record straight.”

“I decided to come here to speak for my people, to speak for my country and speak for the truth,” he said, adding that Israel also wants peace.

New York police said large demonstrations near the UN Headquarters were held to protest the war in the Middle East and the Israeli prime minister on the eve of his UN address. Police said protesters were met by pro-Palestinian and pro-Israeli protesters near Grand Central Thursday evening and multiple arrests were made.

“We face savage enemies who seek our annihilation, and we must defend ourselves against these savage murderers, [who] seek not only to destroy us but also destroy our common civilization and return all of us to a dark age of tyranny and terror,” Netanyahu said.

He warned Iran: “If you strike us, we will strike you. For too long, the world has appeased Iran. That appeasement must end.”

Netanyahu showed two maps of the Middle East region, one carries the word “blessing” and the other “curse,” and said that his country is still facing the same choice that Moses predicted thousands of years ago, “that our actions will determine whether we bequeath future generations a blessing or a curse.”

He showed the map with “curse” saying that it is the choice Israel is facing today, which is “the curse of Iran’s unremitting aggression or the blessing of a historic reconciliation between Arab and Jew.” He said “blessing” represented normalization efforts between Saudi Arabia and Israel while “curse” was the attacks launched by Hamas on October 7, 2023.

Netanyahu said his country will continue to fight Hezbollah. “Israel has every right to remove this threat and return our citizens to their home safely. And that’s exactly what we’re doing … we’ll continue degrading Hezbollah until all our objectives are met/

“Just imagine if terrorists turned El Paso and San Diego into ghost towns. How long would the American government tolerate that?” he said. “Yet Israel has been tolerating this intolerable situation for almost a year. Well, I’ve come here today to say: Enough is enough.”

UN Security Council meeting on Gaza – The council held a meeting on the nearly one year-old war in Gaza. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said the UN has condemned the Hamas attack on Israel on October 7, 2023 and also condemned the “relentless” Israeli bombardment and hostilities have killed tens of thousands of Palestinians in Gaza – including many women and children.

“Countless others have been injured, maimed, and traumatized for life.The speed and scale of the killing and destruction in Gaza are unlike anything in my years as Secretary-General.,” he said. “Nothing can justify the collective punishment of the Palestinian people. Over the past year, virtually the entire population of Gaza has been displaced – many of them several times – with nowhere safe to go. Half of the homeless are children.”

Guterres said Gaza has become the most dangerous place in the world for humanitarian activities and the humanitarian system is “hanging by a threat.” He said 225 UN humanitarian workers have been killed in the war, many of them with their families.

“I urge the Israeli authorities to do everything in their power to end attacks on UN personnel and property; to stop spreading disinformation against UN officials and entities; and to speed up the approval of visas and procurement requests,” he said. “All parties must abide by their obligations to protect humanitarian personnel and ensure that civilian sites are not used for military purposes.”

The UN said more than 1,000 people were killed in Israel by the Hamas attacks and 250 taken hostage on October 7. The Israeli military response has killed more than 40,000 Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and about 80 per cent of its 2.3 million people in Gaza have been displaced while only a fraction of the humanitarian aid needed has reached them.(By J. Tuyet Nguyen)

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New York, September 25, 2024 – The exercise of the veto by some members of the UN Security Council, which has authority over matters of peace and security, has prevented the UN from stopping the war in Ukraine, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said in an address to the annual session attended world leaders.

Five of the 15 council members – the US, UK, Russia, China and France – are permanent members with power to veto any decisions by the body. Since Russian troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022, an escalation of the war between the two countries that started in 2014, the council has sought to end the war but those diplomatic efforts were terminated by a veto.

UN leaders have condemned Russia’s invasion of Ukraine as a violation of the UN Charter and acknowledged that the council is paralyzed by the veto and division among its members.

“Unfortunately, at the UN, it’s impossible to truly and fairly resolve matters of war and peace because too much depends in the Security Council on the veto power,” the Ukrainian leader to the UN General Assembly session. “When the aggressor exercises veto power, the UN is powerless to stop the war.”

Zelenskyy said there would be “the best opportunity for peace” if there is no veto power in the Security Council.

“When some propose alternatives, half-hearted settlement plans – so-called ‘sets of principles’ – it not only ignores the interests and suffering of Ukrainians, who are affected by the war the most, it not only ignores reality, but also gives Putin the political space to continue the war and pressure the world to bring more nations under control,” he said.

Zelenskyy urged the UN to restore nuclear safety in his country, prevent energy from being used as weapons, ensure food security, bring home captured soldiers and civilians deported to Russia, uphold the UN Charter and Ukraine’s right to territorial integrity and sovereignty and withdraw Russian troops from his country.

He said Russia cannot defeat his people on the battlefield and is targeting Ukraine’s energy infrastructure with deliberate attacks on power plants and the entire energy grid.

“As of today, Russia has destroyed all our thermal power plants and a large part of our hydroelectric capacity. This is how Putin is preparing for winter – hoping to torment millions of Ukrainians…this winter, forcing Ukraine to suffer and surrender.”

Zelenskyy said that while attending UN meetings in New York he has met with leaders of India, Guatemala, Japan and Italy, Türkiye, Finland, Canada, Paraguay, Slovenia and Germany to seek support to end the war and will continue meeting other leaders. “These are different parts of the world and various political ways of life, but they share the same understanding – peace is needed, and it must be a real, just peace,” he said.

UN Security Council meeting on Ukraine – The council held a high-level session on September 24, at which Zelenskyy said the war against his country “will end because the UN Charter will work. It must work,” adding that Russia has no legitimate reason for making Iran and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea complicit.

The Russian ambassador to the UN, Vassily Nebenzia, said at the meeting that Ukraine has become an “aggressive, Russophobe, neo-Nazi wasp nest”, seeking to join “the militarist block of NATO,” as reported by UN News.

“Today we hear multiple calls for a political and diplomatic solution, based on the UN Charter,” Nebenzia said, but without overcoming the legacy of what Moscow calls the Maidan coup of early 2014, ridding the country of nationalism, Nazism and other discrimination – in keeping with Article 1.3 of the Charter – “there could be no settlement.”

UN News reported that US Secretary of State Anthony Blinken as saying that the full-scale Russian invasion was a “textbook example of a threat to international peace and security” of the type that the Security Council was established to prevent.

He told diplomats around the Council’s horseshoe-shaped table that the question was not what President Putin of Russia would do next in the war: “We already know that Putin will continue to wager an unjust war.”

The question, he said, was how members of the UN Security Council “can end Putin’s war and reinforce the international rules and rights that make all our nations safer and more secure”.

Foreign Minister Wang Yi of China said he had noted the Ukrainian president’s words, but the prospect of peace is still far away.

Every day it drags on, brings more suffering to the people “and more volatility to the world”.

China’s proposal is to realize the extent of the crisis “and cool down the situation”. There should be three principles at play: no expansion of the battlefield, no escalation of fighting and no further provocations by any of the parties. He said the more that weapons are sent to the battlefield, the harder it will be to achieve the goal of a ceasefire.

“This is the reality that we must face up to,” he said. ”All parties must abandon the cold war confrontation mentality.” Dialogue and negotiation are the only way to end the war and peace talks are essential.More and more countries in the Global South are coming together to support a peaceful settlement, he added.

 (By J.Tuyet Nguyen)

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New York, September 24, 2024 – The nearly 120 presidents and ministers, and some royalties, attending the opening of the UN General Assembly session are told that global affairs are shifting dangerously and the world is edging towards the unimaginable.

The week-long 79^th assembly session opened while conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East rage on while climate disasters, desperate humanitarian needs, poverty and the challenges from AI technologies and political division are defeating diplomacy.

“We are in an era of epic transformation – facing challenges unlike any we have ever seen – challenges that demand global solutions,” UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said in an opening address to the assembly.

“Yet geo-political divisions keep deepening. The planet keeps heating. Wars rage with no clue how they will end. And nuclear posturing and new weapons cast a dark shadow. We are edging towards the unimaginable – a powder keg that risks engulfing the world.”

Guterres said UN members should bring back multilateralism that require that all countries should work together to find solutions to the global crises. He called for an agreement to manage AI because AI could lead to “artificial divisions across the board through a great fracture with two internets, two markets, two economies and with every country forced to pick a side and enormous consequences for all.”

“The United Nations is the universal platform for dialogue and consensus”, uniquely placed to promote cooperation on AI based on the values of the Charter and international law, he said.

President Joe Biden of the United States – Referring to the wars in Ukraine, the Middle East and Sudan, President Biden said he has hope, based on his own experiences. that conflicts can be brought to an end thanks to the resilience of the human spirit and the power of reconciliation. “Things can get better,” he said. “We should never forget that. I’ve seen that throughout my career.”

“Our test is to make sure that the forces holding us together are stronger than those pulling us apart,” he said. “The choices we make today will determine our future for decades to come.”

“Now is the time for the parties to finalize its terms and bring the hostages home, ease the suffering in Gaza and end this war,” he said.

Biden pledged US support for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and climate change, including being on track to cut emissions in half by 2030.

Turning to calls for reforming the 15-nation UN Security Council, which has authority over global peace and security, but is political paralyzed by division among its members, Biden said the US supports reform, including the expansion of council members. “it’s time to move forward,” he said and to end wars and suffering.

“There will be no greater test of leadership than how we deal with AI,” he said. “Benefits from AI must be harnessed and there is a need to ensure that this technology will be used to benefit all.”

President Tayyip Erdoğan of Türkiye – “The United Nations has failed to fulfill its founding mission and has gradually become a dysfunctional structure,” he said, emphasising that “international justice cannot be left in the will of five privileged Member States of the Security Council.”

“The world is bigger than five,” he said, pointing to the massacre in Gaza, where more than 41,000 Palestinians have been killed in the continuous Israeli attacks for almost one year.

President Luiz Inacio Lula Da Silva of Brazil said the international community’s failure to respond to global crises “shows a weakening of our collective capacity for negotiation and dialogue,” as reported by UN News. Even the Pact for the Future is limited in scope.  Following the COVID‑19 pandemic, no treaty on pandemics was adopted at the World Health Organization. 

“We are living in a time of growing anguish, frustration, tension and fear,” he continued, noting that conflicts and military budgets have ballooned as “the use of force, not supported by international law, is becoming the rule.”

Brazil has firmly condemned the invasion of Ukraine and, together with China, has tried to encourage constructive dialogue between the parties as part of the “six-point plan”.  In Gaza and the West Bank, one of the greatest humanitarian crises in recent history risks spillover into Lebanon.  “What began as a terrorist action by fanatics against innocent Israeli civilians has become a collective punishment for the entire Palestinian people,” he said, with more than 40,000 deaths, mostly women and children. “The right to defence has become the right to vengeance, which prevents an agreement for the release of hostages and postpones the ceasefire.”  Meanwhile the world forgets conflicts in Sudan and Yemen, which cause suffering for nearly 30 million people.

President Cyril Ramaphosa of South Africa calls for a UN Security Council that is truly representative and inclusive in order to bring an end to conflicts. “The Security Council must be reformed as a matter of urgency. It must become more inclusive so that the voices of all nations can be heard and considered.”

He said South Africa had benefited from international solidarity when the country fought to end apartheid. “We will not remain silent and watch as apartheid is perpetrated against other” countries. (By J. Tuyet Nguyen)

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New York, September 22, 2024 – Against a backdrop of conflicts in the Middle East, climate disasters and desperate humanitarian needs in many countries, United Nations member states have adopted an ambitious Pact for the Future to try to bring solutions to current global crises.

The decision to adopt the 56-page Pact was taken in the UN General Assembly without a vote by the 193 members after Russia and allies introduced a last-minute amendment to stop the vote. The assembly voted 143-7 to reject the amendment while 15 countries abstained.

The seven countries that voted against the adoption of the Pact are Russia, Belarus, Nicaragua, North Korea, Iran, Syria and Sudan. The 15 countries that abstained included China, Cuba, Iraq, Laos, Malaysia, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Sri Lanka.

Read the resolution containing the Pact for the Future here.

The adoption of the Pact took place on the first day of the Summit of the Future September 22-23, which the UN said is a once-in-a-generation bold attempt to reform decades-old international institutions, including the politically powerful UN Security Council and international financial organizations. The UN said the just adopted Pact is the product of lengthy negotiations between governments for action-oriented programs.

The Pact contains chapters dealing with sustainable development and financing for development; international peace and security; science, technology and innovation and digital cooperation; youth and future generations; and transforming global governance.

The UN said the Pact has “the potential to promote a multilateral system that reflects the realities of today and that delivers for everyone, everywhere.”

The Summit for the Future is to produce also a global digital compact and a declaration on future generations that will be annexed to the Pact.

The UN said Germany and Namibia, the two countries that sponsored the Pact, greeted the adoption. “We need the Pact for the Future more than ever,” said Olaf Scholz, Chancellor of Germany, emphasising that it is a compass to guide us to a better world. “You have proved that multilateralism is alive. The future starts now.“

President Nangolo Mbumba of Namibia recalled an African proverb that says tomorrow belongs to the people who plan today.

“The Summit of the Future is a timely and urgent call to action, urging us to choose the path of peace and sustainability for all,” he said. “We come together to forge a brighter future. Global problems require global solutions.”

The UN said some of the promises made by world leaders in the Pact are:

• We will end hunger and eliminate food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition.
• We will ensure that the multilateral trading system continues to be an engine for sustainable development.
• We will invest in people to end poverty and strengthen trust and social cohesion.
• We will strengthen our efforts to build peaceful, just and inclusive societies.
• We will achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls.
• We will strengthen our actions to address climate change.

(By J. Tuyet Nguyen)

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New York, September 18, 2024 – Current international institutions created after World War II in 1945 need to be reformed as they have failed challenges posed by a series of runaway situations, from climate change to deadly conflicts, debt and poverty, the United Nations chief said days before world leaders are to hold the Summit of the Future.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres urged the 130 heads of countries and governments and scores of ministers of the 193 member states of the United Nations to work in a spirit of compromise to “show the world what we can do, when we work together.”

He said negotiations on the outcome document for the summit, called Pact for the Future, are in the final stretch before the summit taking place September 22-23 at UN headquarters in New York. UN member states are to hold the organization’s annual meetings in September, including a political debate September 24-30 in the UN General Assembly.

UN member states are expected to also adopt at the summit a Global Digital Compact and Declaration on Future Generations annexed to it.

“The Summit of the Future was born out of a cold, hard fact: international challenges are moving faster than our ability to solve them,” Guterres said. “We see out-of-control geo-political divisions and runaway conflicts – not least in Ukraine, Gaza, Sudan and beyond.”

“Runaway climate change. Runaway inequalities and debt. Runaway development of new technologies like Artificial Intelligence – without guidance or guardrails. And our institutions simply can’t keep up.”

The summit is discussing deep reform of the 15-nation Security Council, which UN leaders said has become paralyzed by Russia’s war in Ukraine, the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza and to call for changes in international financial organizations.

Guterres said those institutions were “born in a bygone era for a bygone world. So many of the challenges that we face today were not on the radar 80 years ago when our multilateral institutions were born. Our founders understood that times would change.”

He said already discussions over the Pact for the Future have achieved “potential breakthroughs on a number of important fronts,” including the “strongest language” on the UN Security Council reform in a generation – and the most concrete step towards council enlargement since 1963. The council is currently composed of five dominant and permanent members – the US, Russia, China, United Kingdom and France – and 10 countries elected for 2-year terms.

The discussions have also resulted in the first set of governance measures for new technologies, including Artificial Intelligence, in all their applications — with the UN at its center, Guterres said. Other advances were made over financing for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and commitment to advance an SDG Stimulus plan to boost support to developing countries.  

“It would be tragic if all of these would be lost,” he warned. “We can’t create a future fit for our grandchildren with systems built for our grandparents.”

“The Summit of the Future is an essential first step towards making global institutions more legitimate, effective, and fit for the world of today and tomorrow. I urge Member States to seize this opportunity.” (By J. Tuyet Nguyen)

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New York, September 13, 2024 – Demands for copper, nickel, cobalt and rare earth minerals will triple in future decades to match the rapid development of clean energy technologies, said a UN panel as it unveiled a “how-to guide” for proper management of global metals and minerals.

The UN Panel on Critical Energy Transition Minerals recommended seven guiding principles with human rights at the core of all mineral value chains to ensure that the increasing global need for minerals will not “trigger or exacerbate human rights violations and abuses, conflicts, violence, and harm to affected communities and individuals along the value chain.”

“Upholding human rights is therefore vital to ensuring a just, equitable and people-centred energy transition, with particular attention to protecting the rights of children, youth, women, workers and local communities, and recognition of the importance of a clean, healthy and sustainable environment,” the panel said in its report.

The panel said that human rights of Indigenous Peoples and other rights holders with ancestral ties and rights to land must be respected and states should consult and cooperate in good faith with Indigenous Peoples to obtain their consent prior to any projects affecting their lands and resources.

Read the report of the Panel on Critical Energy Transition Minerals 

The seven guiding principles: (1) Human rights must be at the core of all mineral value chains, (2) The integrity of the planet, its environment and biodiversity must be safeguarded, (3) Justice and equity must underpin mineral value chains, (4) Development must be fostered through benefit sharing, value addition and economic diversification, (5) Investments, finance and trade must be responsible and fair, (6) Transparency, accountability and anti-corruption measures are necessary to ensure good governance, and (7) Multilateral and international cooperation must underpin global action and promote peace and security.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, who established the panel, said he did so in response to developing countries’ concerns that the energy transition could reproduce and amplify inequalities of the past.

“This report identifies ways to ground the renewables revolution in justice and equity, so that it spurs sustainable development, respects people, protects the environment, and powers prosperity in resource-rich developing countries,” he said at the launch of the report.

“We will bring the UN system together to support implementation of the panel’s work, safeguarding and advancing human rights, including the rights of Indigenous Peoples, across the critical minerals value chain. Through all this, civil society, young people and Indigenous Peoples must be heard and have a seat at the table.”

The panel, co-chaired by Ambassador Nozipho Joyce Mxakato-Diseko of South Africa and Ms. Ditte Juul Jørgensen, Director-General for Energy of the European Commission, worked with governments, industry and civil society to develop the principles to build trust, guide the transition and accelerate the race to renewables, the UN said. The panel also received technical support from the UN Secretary-General’s Climate Action Team, the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and comprised of over a dozen UN system entities. (By J. Tuyet Nguyen)

Civil society statement on the publication of the UN Secretary-General’s Panel on Critical Energy Transition Minerals report

A call for collective action rooted in justice and equity – Declaring that “resourcing the energy transition requires a new paradigm rooted in equity and justice,” the Panel has laid out principles and recommendations to create urgently necessary change in mineral supply chains. We call for global collective action to put these ambitions into practice: 

 Anchoring human rights and Indigenous Peoples’ rights in mineral supply chains

The Panel’s first principle rightly states that “human rights must be at the core of all mineral value chains,” including those of environmental and anti-corruption defenders and the protection of civic space. As many seeking justice are intimidated, unjustly prosecuted and imprisoned, we urge swift action from governments and companies to support the protection of their rights. Additionally, we call on governments to strengthen domestic human rights legislation and regulations.

The Panel calls on all actors to uphold “the individual and collective rights of Indigenous Peoples,” recognizing their right to self-determination and their right to Free, Prior, and Informed Consent. While we welcome this acknowledgement, and that of Indigenous Peoples’ role in biodiversity protection, upholding Indigenous rights requires that more governments ratify and implement the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and ILO Convention 169.

We welcome the Panel’s call for a global traceability, transparency and accountability framework along the entire mineral value chain, to strengthen due diligence, facilitate corporate accountability and help support the protection of rights.

Protecting the planet’s integrity – We welcome the Panel’s call on all actors to “redouble […] efforts to safeguard the integrity of the environment” and the call to protect territories with recognized heritage and natural value from the mining of minerals for the energy transition. As we move towards a shift in humanity’s relationship with nature, we must find ways to drastically reduce material consumption and mineral demand, particularly in high-income countries. We must also resist narratives purporting that unlimited growth and unlimited mining are compatible with respecting planetary boundaries. 

We welcome the Panel’s recommendation to develop material efficiency and circularity targets to reduce consumption and environmental impacts. A transparent multi-stakeholder process that defines ambitious targets and establishes pathways to equitably reduce overconsumption will be essential to realize this aim.

Unlocking the equitable development potential of developing countries rich in minerals – We acknowledge the Panel’s recognition of the need for changes in trade rules to allow mineral-producing developing countries to move up the value chain. We also welcome its acknowledgment that economic diversification, energy infrastructure, and cleaner industrial policies are crucial to avoid dependence on commodity exports and to promote justice and equity in mineral-rich developing countries.

To make progress on both fronts, we welcome the High-Level Expert Advisory Group that will be tasked with accelerating greater benefit-sharing, value addition and economic diversification as well as equitable trade, investment, fiscal policy, finance, and taxation. We call on the UN as host to ensure this Group is diverse and inclusive. We compel the Group to probe unfair trade and investment treaties, foster regional cooperation and integration and discourage fragmented bilateral trade and investment agreements that entrench unequal power dynamics.

This new paradigm rooted in equity and justice can only be achieved through inclusive multi-stakeholder action, that heeds the voices of those most affected by activities all along the mineral supply chain. At a time of polarization and division, we recognize that the UN Secretary-General made a concerted effort to set up a multi-stakeholder panel representing different voices from across the mineral supply chain. We urge all actors to ensure equitable, inclusive and participatory approaches in our collective advancement of the Panel’s recommendations.

We thank the UN Secretary-General for his leadership and for his vision in which justice and equity are at the core of climate action and the entire value chain. Civil society has a critical role to advance and raise our collective ambitions to protect people and the planet. We look forward to collaborating with all actors as we put the Panel’s principles and recommendations into action.

Signatories: Climate Action Network International – Natural Resource Governance Institute – Publish What You Pay – Business and Human Rights Resource Centre – Oxfam – EEB/EU RMC – Earthworks – Cultural Survival – SIRGE Coalition

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New York, September 6, 2024 – The Summit of the Future taking place later this month will be a “pivotal opportunity for renewal and reform” of decades-old international systems disabled by the daunting challenges of wars, poverty and climate change, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said in advance of his organization’s annual meetings.

The UN will launch its annual meetings starting with the opening of the 79^th UN General Assembly session on September 10 at the UN headquarters in New York, which will be attended by 193 member states. (See below the major events at UN headquarters as provided by the UN).

The Summit of the Future – September 22-23

This year, one special event called Summit of the Future requires UN members to come up with actions to solve gaps between UN founders’ aspirations in 1945 and realities in the 21st century. The Summit, which was conceived and put together during the Covid-19 pandemic, will discuss sustainable development and financing; peace and security; a digital future for all; youth and future generations; and global governance.

Ahead of the Summit, the UN chief has called for two Summit Action Days (September 20-21) at which he will meet with representatives of member states, civil society and various other groups to “generate additional opportunities for the engagement of all actors,” the UN said. Heads of state and government are expected to take part in the Summit with the aims of reaffirming their commitments to implement the 17 Sustainable Development Goals and the UN Charter.

Gutteres has seized every occasion to promote the Summit and his most recent was an address to the 9^th Forum on China-Africa Cooperation on September 5 in Beijing attended by leaders of China and African countries.

“This month’s Summit of the Future in New York will be a pivotal opportunity for renewal and reform – anchored in solidarity and justice,” he said. “We have proposed a focus on prevention, and joint approaches to new and emerging threats to global security, building on our recent success – after many years of effort – authorizing UN-assessed contributions for African Union-led peace operations.”

“We are pushing for reforms so that the international financial architecture and institutions correspond to the realities of today’s world and can respond to today’s challenges – particularly those faced by developing countries,” he said. “Your full engagement will be critical to finding sustainable solutions. And you can count on the full engagement of the United Nations in support of a strong China-Africa partnership, towards our shared goal of peace, sustainable development and human rights on a healthy planet.”

The UN chief has called for reforming “outdated, ineffective and unfair international financial architecture” that favored developed countries over poor ones. He also called for correcting “historic injustices,” including the continued refusal to give the continent of Africa a permanent seat in the UN Security Council. On several occasions, UN leaders have pointed out that the 15-nation council is paralyzed as it is unable to end Russia’s war in Ukraine and the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza.

The UN has urged all its members, civil society, the private sector, organizations and academia to take part in the Summit.

“We were really confronted with the gap between the aspirations of our founders, which we were trying to celebrate at the 75th anniversary, and the reality of the world as it is today,” said Michele Griffin, the Policy Director of the Summit, as reported by UN News. “The problems that we faced, the threats, but also the opportunities and the imperfections in how we respond.”

“You look at the UN and you think governments are the key players,” Griffin said. “And that’s true. They’re the ones sitting around the table, but they do so on behalf of their people. Civil society actors, young people have been involved throughout and will be at the summit. Private sector will be here in recognition of the massive role they have in shaping people’s lives and opportunities today. This summit is for and by everyone, and everyone should see themselves reflected in it.” 

The Summit is expected to conclude with a negotiated Pact for the Future, an action-oriented Global Digital Compact and a Declaration for Future Generations.(By J. Tuyet Nguyen).

UN General Assembly General Debate – September 24-28, and 30. World leaders will gather to engage in the annual high-level General Debate under the theme, “Leaving no one behind: acting together for the advancement of peace, sustainable development and human dignity for present and future generations”. Heads of State and Government and ministers will explore solutions to intertwined global challenges to advance peace, security, and sustainable development.

High-level plenary meeting on the existential threats posed by sea level rise – September 25. The High-Level Meeting on Sea-Level Rise will convene global leaders, experts, and stakeholders to address the urgent and escalating threat of rising sea levels. This meeting will focus on building common understanding, mobilizing political leadership, and promoting multisectoral and multi-stakeholder collaboration and international cooperation towards the objective of “addressing the threats posed by sea-level rise”. Participants will work towards developing comprehensive solutions and actionable commitments to combat sea-level rise, ensuring a resilient and sustainable future including for small island developing states and low-lying coastal areas.

High-level Meeting on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) – September 26. The High-level Meeting on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) presents an opportunity for countries and stakeholders to renew efforts and accelerate progress in combating the growing threat of AMR. This meeting will serve as the foundation for executing policies and ensuring accountability for strengthening health systems against AMR. Building on the momentum of previous declarations and commitments, participants will focus on enhancing international cooperation, promoting the responsible use of antimicrobials, and advancing the development of new treatments to safeguard global health.

High-level Meeting: International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons – September 26. Achieving global nuclear disarmament is the highest disarmament priority of the United Nations. It was the subject of the General Assembly’s first resolution in 1946, which established the Atomic Energy Commission (dissolved in 1952), with a mandate to make specific proposals for the control of nuclear energy and the elimination of atomic weapons and all other major weapons adaptable to mass destruction. This annual High-level plenary meeting commemorates and promotes the International Day for the Total Elimination of nuclear weapons.

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